Pigmentation is a common skin concern where certain areas of the skin become darker than the surrounding skin. It may appear as tan, melasma, sunspots, post-acne marks, or patchy discoloration. While pigmentation is not harmful medically, it can affect one’s appearance and confidence.
The primary cause of pigmentation is excess melanin production, which can be triggered by sun exposure, hormonal changes, inflammation, or even certain medications. People who spend long hours outdoors are particularly prone to tanning and sunspots. Additionally, acne often leaves dark marks behind after healing.
The first step in treating pigmentation is identifying the type, as different forms require different approaches. For example, melasma is hormonal and requires gentle, long-term treatment, while post-inflammatory pigmentation may fade faster with appropriate care.
Dermatologists may recommend treatments like chemical peels, laser therapy, microneedling, or topical creams containing actives like azelaic acid, kojic acid, or retinoids. Sunscreen is essential, as sun exposure can worsen pigmentation significantly. Even on cloudy days, sunscreen must be applied daily.
With proper guidance and patience, pigmentation can be lightened effectively, restoring natural, even-toned skin.